Here are a few tips to be safe outside in the summer heat (inspired by my time at the Dallas Zoo)!

Cover photo: Giraffe Statue at the Dallas Zoo, Dallas, Texas (2019).

Last July was the hottest month recorded in human history. While Texans are comfortable in 100°F (37.8°C) weather, not everyone is as accustomed to such temperatures. The latest heat wave in Europe is linked to at least four deaths. Here are a few ways to survive, if you want to spend the day outdoors.

Light Clothing

The color black is always in fashion, but it also absorbs the most sunlight. Conversely, white reflects the most light. Wearing shorts or skirts is also a good idea. It’s most important to wear breathable natural fabrics like cotton and linen; definitely avoid polyester and other non-absorbent synthetic materials. A hat, cap, or sunglasses will also make your time outside more tolerable.

Sunscreen

Sunscreen is vital to protect skin from sun damage and cancer causing UV rays. Sunscreen should be applied at least 15 minutes before sun exposure and reapplied every two hours. Even people with darker skin tones should use sunscreen. Don’t forget your legs, ears, and neck. Sprays are less effective than lotions as they disperse sunscreen into the air. If it is especially sunny, consider carrying an umbrella as well.

Hydration

Carry a water bottle with you! Staying hydrated is the most important thing you can do when in the summer heat. Water is, of course, the best option but drinking any fluid is better than nothing. Harvard advocates an intake of four-to-six cups of water a day. One study concludes 60.8°F (16°C), cool tap water, is the optimum temperature for hydration. A good way to gauge hydration is by urine color, with the goal of pale yellow or clear urine.

Ventilation

Fans can help make time spent outside bearable. A breeze always feels nice on a hot day but it is important to consider the US Federal Emergency Management Agency warns against the use of electric fans when the outside temperature is over 95°F (35°C) as they “create air flow and a false sense of comfort, but do not reduce body temperature.” They can also dry your skin and reduce vital sweating.

Rest

It is crucial to avoid overexertion in hot weather. Instead of walking to your destination, consider driving or taking public transportation. Remember not to leave children or pets in closed cars. When walking outside be sure to take plenty of breaks, preferably in the shade. Don’t push yourself!

I hope these tips help you have a safe and fun day outside! If you’re in Dallas, consider a fun day at the zoo! Best wishes!